Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 7 Articles
The incidence of lymphangioma is a rare tumor arising from lymphatic endothelial cells among all species. A mass / growth was retrieved from the neck of scrotum of five years old bull was submitted to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur from Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur. Impression smears and tissues were processed and stained. The impression smear revealed numerous lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Histopathological examination revealed irregular numerous clefts and channels lined by endothelial cells filled with lymphocytes with few RBC. Cells lining the cleft have more rounded nucleus with hyperchromatin and few mitotic figures. Based on cytological and histopathological findings the growth / mass was diagnosed as lymphangioma....
Background: Candidate predictive biomarkers for epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRi), skin rash and\r\nserum proteomic assays, require further qualification to improve EGFRi therapy in non-small cell lung cancer\r\n(NSCLC). In a phase II trial that was closed to accrual because of changes in clinical practice we examined the\r\nrelationships among candidate biomarkers, quantitative changes in tumor size, progression-free and overall survival.\r\nMethods: 55 patients with progressive NSCLC after platinum therapy were randomized to receive (Arm A)\r\ncetuximab, followed by pemetrexed at progression, or (Arm B) concurrent cetuximab and pemetrexed. All received\r\ncetuximab monotherapy for the first 14 days. Pre-treatment serum and weekly rash assessments by standard and\r\nEGFRi-induced rash (EIR) scales were collected.\r\nResults: 43 patients (20-Arm A, 23-Arm B) completed the 14-day run-in. Median survival was 9.1 months. Arm B\r\nhad better median overall (Arm B = 10.3 [95% CI 7.5, 16.8]; Arm A = 3.5 [2.8, 11.7] months P = 0.046) and\r\nprogression-free survival (Arm B = 2.3 [1.6, 3.1]; Arm A = 1.6 [0.9, 1.9] months P = 0.11). The EIR scale distributed\r\nratings among 6 rather than 3 categories but ordinal scale rash severity did not predict outcomes. The serum\r\nproteomic classifier and absence of rash after 21 days of cetuximab did.\r\nConclusions: Absence of rash after 21 days of cetuximab therapy and the serum proteomic classifier, but not\r\nordinal rash severity, were associated with NSCLC outcomes. Although in a small study, these observations were\r\nconsistent with results from larger retrospective analyses...
Background: The reasons for the increasing breast cancer incidence in indigenous Maori compared to non-Maori\r\nNew Zealand women are unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the association of an index of combined\r\nhealthy lifestyle behaviours with the risk of breast cancer in Maori and non-Maori women.\r\nMethods: A population-based caseââ?¬â??control study was conducted, including breast cancer cases registered in New\r\nZealand from 2005ââ?¬â??2007. Controls were matched by ethnicity and 5-year age bands. A healthy lifestyle index score\r\n(HLIS) was generated for 1093 cases and 2118 controls, based on public health and cancer prevention recommendations.\r\nThe HLIS was constructed from eleven factors (limiting red meat, cream, and cheese; consuming more white meat, fish,\r\nfruit and vegetables; lower alcohol consumption; not smoking; higher exercise levels; lower body mass index; and longer\r\ncumulative duration of breastfeeding). Equal weight was given to each factor. Logistic regression was used to estimate\r\nthe associations between breast cancer and the HLIS for each ethnic group stratified by menopausal status.\r\nResults: Among Maori, the mean HLIS was 5.00 (range 1ââ?¬â??9); among non-Maori the mean was 5.43 (range 1.5-10.5). There\r\nwas little evidence of an association between the HLIS and breast cancer for non-Maori women. Among postmenopausal\r\nMaori, those in the top HLIS tertile had a significantly lower odds of breast cancer (Odds Ratio 0.47, 95% confidence\r\ninterval 0.23-0.94) compared to those in the bottom tertile.\r\nConclusion: These findings suggest that healthy lifestyle recommendations could be important for reducing breast\r\ncancer risk in postmenopausal Maori women....
Background: Lymph nodal involvement is an important clinical-pathological sign in primary cutaneous lymphoma\r\n(PCL), as it marks the transformation/evolution of the disease from localized to systemic; therefore the surveillance\r\nof lymph nodes is important in the staging and follow up of PCL. Fine needle cytology (FNC) is widely used in the\r\ndiagnosis of lymphadenopathies but has rarely been reported in PCL staging and follow-up. In this study an\r\nexperience on reactive and neoplastic lymphadenopathies arisen in PCL and investigated by FNC, combined to\r\nancillary techniques, is reported.\r\nMethods: Twenty-one lymph node FNC from as many PCL patients were retrieved; 17 patients had mycosis\r\nfungoides (MF) and 4 a primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PBL). In all cases, rapid on site evaluation (ROSE) was\r\nperformed and additional passes were used to perform flow cytometry (FC), immunocytochemistry (ICC) and/or\r\npolymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess or rule out a possible clonality of the corresponding cell populations.\r\nResults: FNC combined with FC, ICC, and PCR identified 12 cases of reactive, non specific, hyperplasia (BRH),\r\n4 dermatopathic lymphadenopathy (DL), 4 lymph nodal involvement by MF and 1 lymph nodal involvement by\r\ncutaneous B-cell lymphoma.\r\nConclusions: FNC coupled with ancillary techniques is an effective tool to evaluate lymph node status in PCL\r\npatients, provided that ROSE and a rational usage of ancillary techniques is performed according to the clinical\r\ncontext and the available material. The method can be reasonably used as first line procedure in PCL staging and\r\nfollow up, avoiding expensive and often ill tolerated biopsies when not strictly needed....
Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is an established therapy in breast cancer, able to downstage\r\npositive axillary lymph nodes, but might hamper their detectibility. Even if clinical observations suggest lower\r\nlymph node yield (LNY) after NC, data are inconclusive and it is unclear whether NC dependent parameters\r\ninfluence detection rates by axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).\r\nMethods: We analyzed retrospectively the LNY in 182 patients with ALND after NC and 351 patients with primary\r\nALND. Impact of surgery or pathological examination and specific histomorphological alterations were evaluated.\r\nOutcome analyses regarding recurrence rates, disease free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed.\r\nResults: Axillary LNY was significantly lower in the NC in comparison to the primary surgery group (median 13 vs.\r\n16; p < 0.0001). The likelihood of incomplete axillary staging was four times higher in the NC group (14.8% vs. 3.4%,\r\np < 0.0001). Multivariate analyses excluded any influence by surgeon or pathologist. However, the chemotherapy\r\ndependent histological feature lymphoid depletion was an independent predictive factor for a lower LNY. Outcome\r\nanalyses revealed no significant impact of the LNY on local and regional recurrence rates as well as DFS and OS,\r\nrespectively.\r\nConclusion: NC significantly reduces the LNY by ALND and has profound effects on the histomorphological\r\nappearance of lymph nodes. The current recommendations for a minimum removal of 10 lymph nodes by ALND\r\nare clearly compromised by the clinically already established concept of NC. The LNY of less than 10 by ALND after\r\nNC might not be indicative for an insufficient axillary staging....
Background: When treating cerebral metastases all involved multidisciplinary oncological specialists have to\r\ncooperate closely to provide the best care for these patients. For the resection of brain metastasis several\r\nstudies reported a considerable risk of new postoperative paresis. Pre- and perioperative chemotherapy (Ctx) or\r\nradiotherapy (Rtx) alter vasculature and adjacent fiber tracts on the one hand, and many patients already present\r\nwith paresis prior to surgery on the other hand. As such factors were repeatedly considered risk factors for\r\nperioperative complications, we designed this study to also identify risk factors for brain metastases resection.\r\nMethods: Between 2006 and 2011, we resected 206 brain metastases consecutively, 56 in eloquent motor areas\r\nand 150 in non-eloquent ones. We evaluated the influences of preoperative paresis, previous Rtx or Ctx as well as\r\nrecursive partitioning analysis (RPA) class on postoperative outcome.\r\nResults: In general, 8.7% of all patients postoperatively developed a new permanent paresis. In contrast to\r\npreoperative Ctx, previous Rtx as a single or combined treatment strategy was a significant risk factor for\r\npostoperative motor weakness. This risk was even increased in perirolandic and rolandic lesions. Our data show\r\nsignificantly increased risk of new deficits for patients assigned to RPA class 3. Even in non-eloquently located brain\r\nmetastases the risk of new postoperative paresis has not to be underestimated. Despite the microsurgical approach,\r\nour cohort shows a high rate of unexpected residual tumors in postoperative MRI, which supports recent data on\r\nbrain metastases� infiltrative nature but might also be the result of our strict study protocol.\r\nConclusions: Surgical resection is a safe treatment of brain metastases. However, preoperative Rtx and RPA score 3\r\nhave to be taken into account when surgical resection is considered....
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and characterized by a poor prognosis.\r\nIt has a major impact on the psychological wellbeing of patients and their partners. Recently, it has been shown\r\nthat Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is effective in reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms in cancer\r\npatients. The generalization of these results is limited since most participants were female patients with breast cancer.\r\nMoreover, only one study examined the effectiveness of MBSR in partners of cancer patients. Therefore, in the present\r\ntrial we study the effectiveness of MBSR versus treatment as usual (TAU) in patients with lung cancer and their partners.\r\nMethods/Design: A parallel group, randomized controlled trial is conducted to compare MBSR with TAU. Lung cancer\r\npatients who have received or are still under treatment, and their partners are recruited. Assessments will take place at\r\nbaseline, post intervention and at three-month follow-up. The primary outcome is psychological distress (i.e. anxiety and\r\ndepressive symptoms). Secondary outcomes are quality of life (only for patients), caregiver appraisal (only for partners),\r\nrelationship quality and spirituality. In addition, cost-effectiveness ratio (only in patients) and several process variables are\r\nassessed.\r\nDiscussion: This trial will provide information about the clinical and cost-effectiveness of MBSR compared to TAU in\r\npatients with lung cancer and their partners....
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